CAM AND FOLLOWER
A cam is a rotating machine element which gives reciprocating or oscillating motion to another element known as follower.
The cam rotates
usually at constant speed and drives the follower whose motion depends
upon the shape of the cam. Almost always the cam is the driver and the
follower is the driven.
In a cam mechanism, the three essential members are:
The cam which has a curved surface or straight surface,
The follower and
The frame which supports and guides.
2-Types of Followers:
The followers which are having either reciprocating or oscillating motion,
are generally classified as:
1) According to the surface in contact.
The followers, according
to the surface in contact, are as follows :
a) Knife edge follower:
When the contacting end of the follower
has a sharp knife edge, it is called a knife edge follower, as
shown in Fig. (a).
b) Roller follower:
When the contacting end of the follower is a
roller, it is called a roller follower, as shown in Fig. (b).
c) Flat faced or mushroom follower:
When the contacting end of
the follower is a perfectly flat face, it is called a flat-faced
follower, as shown in Fig. (c).
2) According to the motion of the follower:-
The followers, according to its motion, are of the following two types:
a) Reciprocating or translating follower.
When the follower
reciprocates in guides as the cam rotates uniformly, it is known as
reciprocating or translating follower. The followers as shown in
Fig. (a) to (c) are all reciprocating or translating followers.
b) Oscillating or rotating follower.
When the uniform rotary
motion of the cam is converted into predetermined oscillatory
motion of the follower, it is called oscillating or rotating follower. The follower, as shown in Fig. below, is an oscillating or rotating
follower.
3)According to the path of motion of the follower :-
The followers, according to its path of motion, are of the following two types:
a) Radial follower:
When the motion of the follower is along an axis
passing through the centre of the cam, it is known as radial
follower. The followers, as shown in Fig. (a) to (c), are all radial
followers. b) Off-set follower :
When the motion of the follower is along an axis
away from the axis of the cam centre, it is called off-set follower.
The follower, as shown in Fig. below, is an off-set follower.
Note: Radial or disc cam. In radial cams, the follower reciprocates or
oscillates in a direction perpendicular to the cam axis.
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